Friday, September 28, 2012

The lies behind the mask of addiction and how the health system plays into it.


     This subject can be very challenging, so the most important things that professionals should address is to make sure that these mental disorders are not mimicking substance abuse or addiction.  Doweiko (2012) explains some of these challenges.  A health care professional needs to be able to know the differences between symptoms of a mental disorder and problems that are occurring because of SUD’s.  He further explains that patients that mention a substance abuse problem will have the same signs as someone that is battling mental illnesses.  Some of the problem areas will be reduced or subside after the person remains clean.  Doweiko (2012), addresses that it can take up to two months to accurately diagnosis someone with dual disorders.   We can be left with a dilemma of a misdiagnosis, if the patient is not willing to admit to SUD problems.  Before diagnosing these problems accurately it is very important, because people can be exposed to medications that they do not need, and also a label of mental illness on their medical record.  Extreme caution should be taken before drawing a conclusion about a dual diagnosis (Doweiko, 2012).

     Anxiety disorder is one that can be mimicked by patients if there is not a correct evaluation made.  Doweiko (2012), again expresses the importance of proper diagnosis to know whether or not the symptoms are from the SUD or the mental disorder.   Doweiko states “one symptom of alcohol syndrome is anxiety” (p. 323).  It is more proper to examine patients for at least three weeks of abstinence before the proper diagnosis can be evaluated correctly.   If the anxiety persists without a substance than most likely the patient will have an anxiety disorder. (Doweiko, 2012).

     Bio polar disorders can also be mimicked if there are signs of amphetamines, alcohol, and cannabis, and manic expressions or depression can follow withdrawal from these compounds.  According to Doweiko “The relationship between the bipolar affective disorders and the SUDs is quite complicated”. (p 325)  He further explains that clinician have an accurate history of the patient in order to determine whether the symptoms worsen or started after the patient began to abuse drugs. (Doweiko, 2012).  It is of the up most importance that a complete work up of mental history is done on the patient.  If a patient has a long history with SUD’s there might not be a way to determine dual diagnosis.  In the case of depression it can be extremely difficult as well, because these problems could be a mask because of the SUD’s. (Doweiko, 2012). 

     If someone goes into outpatient treatment and complains of anxiety and have been using drugs and are not being honest, we face a mis diagnosis of this patient. Could the medical model be giving drugs to people that really do not need them? Could it be a factor of enabling them to self medicate. There is a growing problem of addicts playing the system. I know three of them that do this on a regular basis, and have even laughed about the medication they receive while nothing is being addressed about the real issues of their SUD's. Doweiko (2012) also addressed the mislabeling of someone and having it permenately on their medical records. There are most definitely serious dual diagnosis, but I have to question after finding out the lack of training in the medical model concerning SUD's if we are making to many mistakes. In many of the MHMR clinics people can walk off the street and go in to get a diagnosis and walk out with drugs. There are lots of these patients that are simply wanting to self medicate. I pray that we find a way of getting proper evaluations of these people so we do not become enablers of what we are trying to treat. 
      

     I know this is very important, because I have dealt with addicts, and have seen situations to where they will go into a clinic and fifteen minutes later walk out with a hand full of prescription drugs.   If an addict wants to self-medicate or cannot get their drug of choice, it is becoming a problem of working the system, because a proper diagnosis is not being made.  This is an extreme problem, and according to the research I read this week, it is very clear that proper diagnosis should be made before evaluating a patient and it can take up to several months if there is a substance abuse problem that has been addressed.  The biggest challenge is how to correctly diagnosis someone that is hiding behind there substance abuse problem.  If medical personal are not getting the proper training in this area, how can we be sure we are not self-medicating drug addicts and worsening the problem?  This is a question I ask myself daily, and wonder why changes are not being made.

 References:  Doweiko H. (2012) Concepts of Chemical Dependency Eighth Edition   

 

    

    

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